skilled & Trained workforce
En los últimos años, California ha comenzado a implementar los requisitos de Skilled and Trained Workforce (STWF), que obligan a los contratistas, en determinados contratos o proyectos, a emplear un porcentaje específico de trabajadores que sean graduados de un programa de aprendizaje registrado, si el trabajo implica una ocupación susceptible de aprendizaje.
The most common projects that currently mandate "STWF" requirements are:
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School district (K-12) design build > $1 Million
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School district (K-12) Lease/Leaseback
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Local agency & other specified state agency design build > $1 Million
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City of San Diego CM At-Risk projects > $25 Million
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LAUSD Best Value > $1 Million
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Alameda, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Solano & Yuba County Best Value projects > $1 Million
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SANDAG, MTS, and NCTD projects > $1 Million
¿Qué es una “STWF”?
Skilled and Trained Workforce se refiere a todos los trabajadores que desempeñan labores en una ocupación susceptible de aprendizaje dentro de los oficios de la construcción, que sean (1) oficiales calificados o (2) aprendices registrados inscritos en un programa de aprendizaje aprobado por el Jefe de la Division of Apprenticeship Standards (DAS).
Antecedentes de “STWF”
La legislación vigente de California permite que una entidad pública exija a un licitante, contratista u otra entidad utilizar una Skilled and Trained Workforce para completar un contrato o proyecto, incluso si no está establecido por ley o reglamento. Cuando se impone dicho requisito, el contratista, licitante o entidad debe proporcionar un compromiso exigible para utilizar una Skilled and Trained Workforce, y debe suscribir un acuerdo escrito con la entidad pública que cumpla con los requisitos legales específicos establecidos por la ley.
¿Quién es un Skilled Journeyperson?
Un Skilled Journeyperson es un trabajador que cumple con uno de los siguientes criterios:
1. Ha completado un programa de aprendizaje para el oficio correspondiente que esté aprobado por la Division of Apprenticeship Standards (DAS) en California o—si se encuentra fuera de California—por el U.S. Department of Labor (DOL); o
2. Ha adquirido al menos la misma cantidad de horas de experiencia práctica en el oficio correspondiente que se requieren para graduarse de un programa de aprendizaje aprobado.
Graduation Percentage Requirement
Between 30% and 60% of all Skilled Journeypersons employed on a project must be graduates of an apprenticeship program in the applicable occupation. This requirement applies to every contractor and each of its subcontractors at every tier. The exact percentage required depends on the specific craft and the date the work is performed. This graduation requirement does not apply to teamsters.
The following crafts have a fixed minimum graduation requirement of 30%.
Acoustical installers, bricklayers, carpenters, cement masons, drywall installers or lathers, marble masons, finishers, or setters, modular furniture or systems installers, operating engineers, pile drivers, plasterers, roofers or waterproofers, stone masons, surveyors, terrazzo workers or finishers, and tile layers, setters, and finishers.
For all other apprenticeable crafts, the following minimum graduation percentages are listed below:
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30% for work performed on or after January 1, 2017
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40% for work performed on or after January 1, 2018
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50% for work performed on or after January 1, 2019
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60% for work performed on or after January 1, 2020
Note: There have been no further increases to the minimum graduation requirement since 2020.
exceptions
The graduation percentage requirement does not apply under the following circumstances:
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If fewer than 10 hours of work are performed in a calendar month in a specific craft.
If a subcontractor meets both of the following conditions:
1. The subcontractor is not listed on the bid, or is performing work as a replacement for a listed subcontractor; and
2. The value of the subcontract does not exceed 0.5% of the total contract price.
Note: These exceptions apply only to the graduation percentage requirement. They do not exempt contractors or subcontractors from the broader Skilled and Trained Workforce (STWF) requirements.
monthly reports
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Contractors subject to Skilled and Trained Workforce (STWF) requirements must submit monthly compliance reports for the entire duration of the project to the public entity or awarding body.
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These reports must include sufficient documentation demonstrating that both the contractor and all subcontractors are in full compliance with all applicable "STWF" requirements.
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Failure to submit these reports—or failure to demonstrate compliance—may result in penalties, as listed below.
Penalties
Violations of Skilled and Trained Workforce (STWF) requirements are subject to enforcement by the Labor Commissioner. Contractors and subcontractors found in violation may be assessed civil wage penalties of up to $10,000 per month.